Tax Compliance for Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets

Clarifications on Tax Compliance for Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets. The Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Act, 2015 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Act’) has introduced a tax compliance provision under Chapter VI of the Act. The Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Rules, 2015 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Rules’) have been notified. In regard to the scheme queries have been received from the public about the scope of the scheme and the procedure to be followed. The Board has considered the same and decided to clarify the points raised by issue of a circular in the form of questions and answers. Now you can scroll down below and check complete details for “Tax Compliance for Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets”

Question No.1:	If firm has undisclosed foreign assets, can the partner file declaration in respect of such asset?
Answer:	The declaration can be made by the firm which shall be signed by the person specified in sub-section (2) of section 62 of the Act. The partner cannot make a declaration in his name. However, the partner may file a declaration in respect of an undisclosed asset held by him.
Question No.2:	Where a company has undisclosed foreign assets, can it file a declaration under Chapter VI of the Act? If yes, then whether immunity would be granted to Directors of the company?
Answer	Yes, the company can file a declaration under Chapter VI of the Act. The Directors of the company shall not be liable for any offence under the Income-tax Act, Wealth-tax Act, FEMA, Companies Act and the Customs Act in respect of declaration made in the name of the company
Question No.3	Whether immunity in respect of declaration made under the scheme is provided in respect of Acts other than those mentioned in section 67 of the Act?
Answer:	Section 67 provides immunity from prosecution under the five Acts viz. the Income-tax Act, Wealth-tax Act, FEMA, Companies Act and the Customs Act. It does not provide immunity from prosecution under any other Act. For example- if the undisclosed asset has been acquired out of the proceeds of sale of protected animals the person will not be eligible for immunity under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Question No.4:	Whether the person making the declaration will be provided immunity from the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002?
Answer:	The offence under the PMLA arises while laundering money generated from the process or activity connected with the offences specified in the schedule to the PMLA. Therefore, the primary requirement under PMLA is commission of a scheduled offence. With the enactment of the Act, the offence of wilful attempt to evade tax under section 51 of the Act has become a scheduled offence under PMLA. However, where a declaration of an asset has been duly made under section 59 of the Act the provisions of section 51 will not be applicable in respect of that asset. Therefore, PMLA will not be applicable in respect of the scheduled offence of wilful attempt to evade tax under section 51 of the Act in respect of assets for which declaration is made under section 59 of the Act.
Question No.5:	Where an undisclosed foreign asset is declared under Chapter VI of the Act and tax and penalty is paid on its fair market value then will the declarant be liable for capital gains on sale of such asset in the future? If yes, then how will the capital gains in such case be computed?
Answer:	Yes, the declarant will be liable for capital gains under the Income-tax Act on sale of such asset in future. As per the current provisions of the Income-tax Act, the capital gains is computed by deducting cost of acquisition from the sale price. However, since the asset will be taxed at its fair market value the cost of acquisition for the purpose of Capital Gains shall be the said fair market value and the period of holding shall start from the date of declaration of such asset under Chapter VI of the Act.

Question No.6:	Where a notice under section 142/ 143(2)/ 148/ 153A/ 153C of the Income-tax Act has been issued to a person for an assessment year will he be ineligible from voluntary declaration under section 59 of the Act?
Answer:	The person will only be ineligible from declaration of those foreign assets which have been acquired during the year for which a notice under section 142/ 143(2)/ 148/ 153A/ 153C is issued and the proceeding is pending before the Assessing Officer. He is free to declare other foreign assets which have been acquired during other years for which no notice under above referred sections have been issued.
Question No.7:	As per section 71(d)(i), declaration cannot be made where an undisclosed asset has been acquired during any previous year relevant to an assessment year for which a notice under section 142, 143(2), 148,153A or 153C of the Income-tax Act has been issued. If the notice has been issued but not served on the declarant then how will he come to know whether the notice has been issued?
Answer:	The declarant will not be eligible for declaration under Chapter VI of the Act where an undisclosed asset has been acquired during any previous year relevant to any assessment year where a notice under section 142, 143(2), 148, 153A or 153C of the Income-tax Act has been issued and served on the declarant on or before 30^th day of June, 2015. The declarant is required to file a declaration regarding receipt of any such notice in Form 6.
Question No. 8:	Where an undisclosed foreign asset has been acquired partly during a previous year relevant to the assessment year which is pending for assessment and partly during other years not pending for assessment then whether such asset is eligible for declaration under Chapter VI of the Act?
Answer:	In the case where proceedings are pending before an Assessing Officer in pursuance of a notice under section 142, 143(2), 148, 153A or 153C of the Income-tax Act served on or before 30-06-2015, the declarant may declare the undisclosed asset under Chapter VI of the Act. However, while computing the amount of declaration the investment made in the asset during the previous year relevant to the assessment year for which such notice is issued needs to be deductedfrom the fair market value of the asset for which the person shall provide a computation alongwith the declaration. Further, such investment which is deducted from the fair market value shall be assessable in the assessment of the relevant assessment year pending under the Income-tax Act and the person shall inform the Assessing Officer the investment made during the relevant year in such asset. Also to clarify, where a notice under section 142, 143(2), 148, 153A or 153C of the Income-tax Act is issued on or after 30-06-2015, the declarant shall be eligible to declare full value of asset even if such asset (or part of such asset) is acquired in the previous year relevant to the assessment year for which such notice is issued.

Question No.9:	Can a declaration be made of undisclosed foreign assets which have been assessed to tax and the case is pending before an Appellate Authority?
Answer:	As per section 65 of the Act, the declarant is not entitled to re-open any assessment or reassessment made under the Income-tax Act. Therefore, he is not entitled to avail the tax compliance in respect of those assets. However, he can voluntarily declare other undisclosed foreign assets which have been acquired or made from income not disclosed and consequently not assessed under the Income-tax Act.
Question No.10:	Can a person against whom a search/ survey operation has been initiated file voluntary declaration under Chapter VI of the Act?
Answer:	(a) The person is not eligible to make a declaration under Chapter VI if a search has been initiated and the time for issuance of notice under section 153A has not expired, even if such notice for the relevant assessment year has not been issued. In this case, however, the person is eligible to file a declaration in respect of an undisclosed foreign asset acquired in any previous year in relation to an assessment year which is prior to assessment years relevant for the purpose of notice under section 153A.(b) In case of survey operation the person is barred from making a declaration under Chapter VI in respect of an undisclosed asset acquired in the previous year in which the survey was conducted. The person is, however, eligible to make a declaration in respect of an undisclosed asset acquired in any other previous year.

Question No. 11:	Where a search/ survey operation was conducted and the assessment has been completed but the undisclosed foreign asset was not taxed, then whether such asset can be declared under Chapter VI of the Act?
Answer:	Yes, such undisclosed asset can be declared under Chapter VI of the Act.
Question No.12:	Whether a person is barred from voluntary declaration under Chapter VI of the Act if any information has been received by the Government under DTAA?
Answer:	As per section 71(d)(iii), the person cannot make a declaration of an undisclosed foreign asset where the Central Government has received an information in respect of such asset under the DTAA. The person is entitled for voluntary declaration in respect of other undisclosed foreign assets for which no information has been received.
Question No.13:	How would the person know that the Government has received information of an undisclosed foreign asset held by him which will make the declaration ineligible?
Answer:	The person may not know that the Government has information about undisclosed foreign asset held by him if the same has not been communicated to him in any enquiry/proceeding under the Income- tax Act. After the person has filed a declaration, which is to be filed latest by 30^th September, 2015, he will be issued intimation by the Principal Commissioner/Commissioner by 31^th October, 2015, whether any information has been received by the Government and consequently whether he is eligible to make the payment on the declaration made. If no information has been received up to 30^th June, 2015 by the Government in respect of such asset the person will be allowed a time upto 31^st December, 2015 for payment of tax and penalty in respect of the declared asset.There may be a case where person makes declaration in respect of 5 assets whereas the Government has information about only 1 asset. In such situation the person will be eligible to declare the balance 4 assets under Chapter VI of the Act. In such case the declarant, on receipt of intimation by the Principal Commissioner/Commissioner, shall revise the declaration made within 15 days of such receipt of intimation to exclude the asset which is not eligible for declaration. Tax and penalty on the eligible assets under the Act shall be payable in respect of the revised declaration by 31^st of December, 2015. In respect of the ineligible assets provisions of the Income-tax Act shall apply. (Please also see answer to question no. 15)
Question No.14:	What are the consequences if no declaration under Chapter VI of the Act is made in respect of undisclosed foreign assets acquired prior to the commencement of the Act?
Answer:	As per section 72(c), where any asset has been acquired prior to the commencement of the Act and no declaration under Chapter VI of the Act is made then such asset shall be deemed to have been acquired in the year in which it comes to the notice of the Assessing Officer and the provisions of the Act shall apply accordinglyIndia is expected to start receiving information through Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) route under FATCA from USA later in the year 2015. Further, under the multilateral agreement India will start receiving information from other countries under AEOI route from 2017 onwards. As at 18^th March 2015, 58 jurisdictions (including India) have committed to share information under AEOI by 2017 and 36 jurisdictions have committed to share by 2018, including jurisdictions which have beneficial tax regime. The multilateral agreement is expected to cover all the countries in the near future. The information under the AEOI will include information of controlling persons (beneficial owners) of the asset. The possibility of discovery of an undisclosed asset may arise at any time in the future; say for example, information of an immovable property can be unearthed if any utility bills/property tax or even gardener’s/ caretaker’s salary has been paid through an existing or closed bank account. Therefore, if any information of an undisclosed foreign asset acquired earlier, say in the year 1975, for $ 100,000 comes to the notice of an Assessing Officer later, say in the year 2024, when its value becomes, say, $ 5 Million, the liability under the Act amounting to 120 percent of the fair market value of the asset on the valuation date may arise in the year 2024, besides prosecution and other consequences. In this case if the valuation date is in the year 2024 the amount of tax and penalty under the Act will be $ 6 Million.
Question No.15	If a declaration of undisclosed foreign asset is made under Chapter VI of the Act and the same was found ineligible due to the reason that Government had prior information under DTAA then will the person be liable for consequences under the Act?
Answer	In respect of such assets which have been duly declared in good faith under the tax compliance but not found eligible, he shall not be hit by section 72(c) of the Act and no action lies in respect of such assets under the Act. However, such information may be used for the purpose of the Income-tax Act

Question No.16:	In respect of the undisclosed foreign assets referred to in answer to question No. 15 above, where the proceedings under the Income-tax Act are initiated, can the options of settlement commission etc. under the Income-tax Act be availed in respect of such assets?
Answer:	All the provisions of the Income-tax Act shall be applicable in respect of those assets.
Question No.17:	A person has some undisclosed foreign assets. If he declares those assets in the Income-tax Return for assessment year 2015-16 or say 2014-15 (in belated return) then should he need to declare those assets in the voluntary tax compliance under Chapter VI of the Act?
Answer:	As per the Act, the undisclosed foreign asset means an asset which is unaccounted/ the source of investment in such asset is not fully explainable. Since an asset reported in Schedule FA does not form part of computation of total income in the Income-tax Return and consequently does not get taxed, mere reporting of a foreign asset in Schedule FA of the Return does not mean that the source of investment in the asset has been explained. The foreign asset is liable to be taxed under the Act (whether reported in the return or not) if the source of investment in such asset is unexplained. Therefore, declaration should be made under Chapter VI of the Act in respect of all those foreign assets which are unaccounted/ the source of investment in such asset is not fully explainable.
Question No.18:	A person holds certain foreign assets which are fully explained and acquired out of tax paid income. However, he has not reported these assets in Schedule FA of the Income-tax Return in the past. Should he declare such assets under Chapter VI of the Act?
Answer:	Since, these assets are fully explained they are not treated as undisclosed foreign assets and should not be declared under Chapter VI of the Act. However, if these assets are not reported in Schedule FA of the Income-tax Return for assessment year 2016-17 (relating to previous year 2015-16) or any subsequent assessment year by a person, being a resident (other than not ordinarily resident), then he shall be liable for penalty of Rs. 10 lakhs under section 43 of the Act. The penalty is, however, not applicable in respect of an asset being one or more foreign bank accounts having an aggregate balance not exceeding an amount equivalent to Rs. 5 lakhs at any time during the previous year.