Ind AS 40, Investment Property : The objective of Ind AS 40 is to prescribe the accounting treatment for investment property and related disclosure requirements. Investment property is property (land or a building – or part of a building – or both) held (by the owner or by the lessee under a finance lease) to earn rentals or for capital appreciation or both, rather than for:
- use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes; or
- sale in the ordinary course of
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Recognition
Investment property shall be recognised as an asset when, and only when:
- it is probable that the future economic benefits that are associated with the investment property will flow to the entity; and
- the cost of the investment property can be measured
Measurement at recognition
An investment property shall be measured initially at its cost. Transaction costs shall be included in the initial measurement.
The initial cost of a property interest held under a lease and classified as an investment property shall be as prescribed for a finance lease by paragraph 20 of Ind AS 17, i.e., the asset shall be recognised at the lower of the fair value of the property and the present value of the minimum lease payments. An equivalent amount shall be recognised as a liability in accordance with that same paragraph.
Measurement after recognition
The Standard permits an entity to adopt as its accounting policy the cost model prescribed in paragraph 56 of the Standard to all of its investment property. However, the Standard requires all entities to measure the fair value of investment property, for the purpose of disclosure.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or pai d to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. (See Ind AS 113, Fair Value Measurement).
Cost model
After initial recognition, an entity shall measure all of its investment properties in accordance with Ind AS 16’s requirements for cost model, other than those that meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale (or are included in a disposal group that is classified as held for sale) in accordance with Ind AS 105, Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations. Investment properties that meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale (or are included in a disposal group that is classified as held for sale) shall be measured in accordance with Ind AS 105.
Disposals
An investment property shall be derecognised (eliminated from the balance sheet) on disposal or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal.
Gains or losses arising from the retirement or disposal of investment property shall be determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and shall be recognised in profit or loss (unless Ind AS 17 requires otherwise on a sale and leaseback) in the per iod of the retirement or disposal.
The consideration receivable on disposal of an investment property is recognised initially at fair value. In particular, if payment for an investment property is deferred, the consideration received is recognized initially at the cash price equivalent. The difference between the nominal amount of the consideration and the cash price equivalent is recognised as interest revenue in accordance with Ind AS 18 using the effective interest method.
Difference Between AS 13 and Ind AS 40
AS 13 provides limited guidance on investment properties. As per AS 13, an enterprise holding investment properties should account for them as per cost model prescribed in AS 10, Property, Plant and Equipment. However, Ind AS 40 is a detailed standard dealing with various aspects of investment property accounting.
Other Details
Recognition Investment property shall be recognised as an asset when, and only when:
- (a) it is probable that the future economic benefits that are associated with the investment property will flow to the entity; and
- (b) the cost of the investment property can be measured reliably.
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